The Optimal Model of Oversight for Institutions and Executive Bodies Utilizing Cyberspace in Light of Iranian Laws

Abstract

Oversight of the performance of institutions and executive bodies governing society has long been a crucial issue in preventing corruption, curbing the concentration of power, and improving existing conditions. With the evolution of oversight mechanisms, various types of supervision have emerged, with oversight through cyberspace being a relatively recent approach. This study aims to examine the optimal model of oversight through cyberspace over executive bodies and institutions from the perspective of Iran’s domestic laws. The central question is: What responsibilities does the optimal oversight model through cyberspace assign to the general public and the officials of institutions and governmental bodies? This study employs a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of the study indicate that fostering interaction and accountability, establishing a transparent and glass-like government, promoting criticism and open discourse, and enabling public oversight by elites and experts are among the key contributions of cyberspace in shaping an optimal oversight model. The optimal model of oversight for institutions and executive bodies can be realized through Article 24 of the Constitution, the Cyberspace Strategic Document ratified in 2022 as a framework for oversight in forming an ideal Islamic society, and the Computer Crimes Act ratified in 2009 as a legal foundation for criminalizing offenses in cyberspace. Achieving effective oversight through cyberspace by the public necessitates a rational, professional approach that is free from defamation and destructive discourse while considering media literacy. Additionally, managers and officials must prioritize digital responsibility and shift their perspective on cyberspace from a threat-oriented outlook to an opportunity-driven approach.